SUMMARY: Third World theologians developed an interesting theological debate about in-digenation, inculturation and contextualization in 1960-1980. The debate was very alive in the Philippines during a rather difficult social, economic cultural and religious transition in the country. Theologians of liberation debated similar problems in the same years. A comparison between their different positions is important today not only for evaluating ideas in the past, but also for finding ways for a new evangelization.